Learning guide
How to Cite Sources in CSE 9 Citation-Sequence
CSE 9 supports Citation-Sequence, Citation-Name and Name-Year. This guide focuses on Citation-Sequence, where numbered in-text citations point to references ordered by first appearance.
Method
- Confirm that Citation-Sequence is the required CSE system.
- Use surname plus undotted initials for personal authors.
- Use an abbreviated journal title and compact year-volume-page formatting for journal articles.
- Prefer a DOI-based URL when one is available.
Worked example
Journal pattern: Author AA. Article title. Journal Abbrev. Year;volume(issue):pages. DOI
Book pattern: Author AA. Book title. Edition. Publisher; Year.
Notes
- CSE 9 is the current manual edition.
- For articles with more than five authors, CSE 9 uses the first author followed by et al.
- Journal abbreviations should be checked against an authoritative abbreviation source.
Continue with the related tools
This guide explains the method; use the calculator or tool pages for your own inputs and scenarios.
- ACS Citation Generator — Generate references using the current ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication for journal articles, webpages, books and book chapters.
- IEEE Citation Generator — Generate numbered IEEE references for journal articles, webpages, books and book chapters using current IEEE reference-guide conventions.
- AMA Citation Generator — Generate AMA 11 references for journal articles, webpages, books and chapters, with DOI import and PubMed/NLM journal-abbreviation checks.